Space Syntax is an influential theory which has been successfully applied to various disciplines such as archeaology and architecture to analyze spatial relationships. It has been defined as a method for representation and quantification of spatial patterns. Instrumental in this method is the definition of space as a two- dimensional convex structure. The method examines circulation in or through any space. The spaces that connect more spaces are thus defined as more integrated, while those with little circulation are considered to be segregated. Using the same method the central courtyard in a Persian house, for example, is highly integrated, while the talar and orosi rooms are segregated, although these are the most important summer and winter residential spaces, respectively. There are other spatial characteristics that are not considered in the application of the method: size, shape, function, atc. The paper tries to introduce and analyze the method and highlight its advantages and disadvantages.

Introduction: In the current research, it has been tried to qualitatively study all kinds of policies and measures necessary for Alignment between teacher preparation programs and democratic social education competencies under the model of teacher education curricula, which include: direct (official) curriculum, Indirect curriculum, informal curriculum (implicit) and unstructured curriculum (hidden) should be identified in the educational system. Method: Qualitative approach and phenomenological method were used in this research. The field of research is Farhangian University of Hormozgan and the participants are  13  lecturers of this university. The sampling method is a combination of convenience and snowball sampling. The research tool was a semi-structured interview. The information was analyzed using thematic analysis method and then using MAXQDA software... Result: The information was analyzed using the theme analysis method and then using MAXQDA software in the form of 2  overarching themes, 8 organizing themes and 25  basic themes. The results of this research showed the basic policies and measures for teacher preparation programs, in the form of two components, strategies and solutions of teacher training curricula, separated by curricula (formal, informal, informal, unstructured curriculum) and with the goal of preparing The formation of teachers has been identified in the educational system to realize the competencies of democratic social education. Conclusion: Therefore, examining the opportunities, facilities, and resources available to achieve these actions should be on the agenda of decision makers and educational planners. It is necessary to pay special attention to the strategies and solutions of teacher training curricula.

Researchers have variously investigated Persian in generative, functional, and cognitive frameworks, although, failed to account for some structural changes and the emergence of marked structures such as Left dislocation. The main goal of this article is to investigate left dislocation based on Optimality Theory. The present research is based on the descriptive-analytical method, and our corpus will include spoken Persian. The present paper aims to show that some constraints can be applied to form left dislocation in Persian, while ranking of the constraints represents the optimal form/forms. The constriants are based on constructional uints of Featurs and Conceptual Units which are properties of grammatical categories such as argument, or discourse-functioal ones, such as topic. The results show that applying the constraints of precedence, adjacency, and faithfulness on one side, and more features or conceptual units on the other side, the applied theory can further result in appropriate analysis of Persian cases. In other words, Syntax First Alignment has proved to be a promising framework for modeling Persian Left dislocation and can offer an alternative for syntactic frameworks based on hierarchical structure. The results, also, indicates that the features of [NEW], [ABOUT], and [CONTRAST] have key roles in Persisn Argument Left Dislocation. In addition, violating the constraints of Subject and Topic brings about unoptimality.

Scholars have done various discussion on Syntax and its origin. What can be infered from their argument is that, Arabic grammatical rules have lost their influences. Therefore, the leading proponents of syntactic school have tried to avoid this problem by writing grammatical rules for Arabic. Such attempts have been conducted by schools of Kufa, Basrah and Baghdad. It goes without saying that each of these schools possess its own rules and regulations. To teach the Syntax remained from the past in accordance with the Basrah end Kufa school is considered to be neither appropriate nor right. In devising new Syntax to fulfil our needs, descriptive approach is viewed as the best Choice. In recent descriptive studies, Syntax: is devised based on both spoken and writen language. Such a descriptive appro<"lch includes both the over all shape and the change in the final vowels of Arabic words. Dialects are unacceptable issues because they are not based on descriptive Syntax and they are far from it.

This study investigates non-canonical Syntax in the Persian language from a non-hierarchical perspective, emphasizing the significant role of information-structural triggers, including topic and focus, in shaping the non-canonical order of left-dislocated possessive constructions. We apply Optimality Theory (Prince & Smolensky, 1993, 2004) to account for the grammatical and pragmatic properties of these constructions. Additionally, we utilize Syntax First Alignment (Newson, 2004, 2010) to explore the constraints and discourse-pragmatic reasons for left-dislocated possessive constructions, particularly those related to left dislocation in Persian. While left dislocation may resemble preposing, it differs in that a co-referential pronoun occupies the canonical position of the marked constituent (Schiffrin & Hamilton, 2008). Dabir-Moghaddam (2005) explains that left dislocation involves moving an item to the sentence-initial position, with a resumptive pronoun taking its original place.

In this paper, a step-by-step laboratory procedure for performing a satellite's payload’s Alignment measurement is presented. Four highly accurate theodolites are used along with two or more Alignment corner cube to accurately extract the final attitude. Theodolites are arranged around the satellite in such a way that they have a clear direct view of the Alignment cubes mounted on the payload and the satellite. Two theodolites should point to the payload’s Alignment cube and the other two theodolites must point to the satellite’s Alignment cube. Each theodolite must see at least one other theodolite, directly. Finally, by forming the coordinates systems of the payload and satellite in the theodolites coordinate system along with using the coordinate transfer matrices, the payload Alignment correction matrix will be extracted in detail. The total method accuracy is within the order of few arcseconds.

One of the most important organizational challenges is the strategic Alignment between information technology (IT) and business objectives. Organizations have deployed different approaches to achieve strategic Alignment and competitive advantage. Enterprise architecture (EA) has been viewed as an effective approach not only for optimum management of IT, but also for strategic Alignment of IT applications and business needs. EA maturity indicates the degree of attaining EA project goals, out of which, is the IT-Business Alignment. In this paper, the relationship between enterprise architecture maturity (EAM) and strategic Alignment maturity model (SAMM) has been investigated to declare whether EAM can act as enabler for SAMM. Research population includes enterprises in which, the EA project is implemented. Pearson’s correlation and regression test have been used for analyzing the data gathered by questionnaire. The findings indicate that the success of EA significantly influences strategic Alignment maturity.